Aim The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the maximum bilateral molar bite force and the Root Mean Square (RMS) Electromyography (EMG) index of the masticatory muscles in the maximum bilateral molar bite (MMBMax) of women with myogenic Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) and asymptomatic. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, composed of 86 women allocated to the TMD Group (n=43) and Control Group (n=43) diagnosis through the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The maximum bilateral molar bite force was evaluated using a bite dynamometer and the RMS EMG index of the masticatory muscles (anterior temporalis, masseter) during 5 seconds of the MMBMax task. Student t-test was used for data comparison between accuracy of the bite force and RMS EMG of masticatory muscles during the MMBMax. Results The maximum bilateral molar bite force showed high accuracy (AUC=0.99) for the diagnosis of women with myogenic TMD and asymptomatic women, and the RMS EMG index evaluated during the MMBMax showed a moderate level of accuracy for all masticatory muscles (AUC=0.70 to 0.75). Conclusion The bilateral bite dynamometer with a surface EMG during bilateral bite can be used to diagnose TMD in young women.

There is no consensus on the most appropriate method for normalizing electromyography (EMG) signals from masticatory muscles during isotonic activity. Aim To analyze the best method for data processing of the EMG signal of the masticatory muscles during isotonic activity (non-habitual chewing), comparing raw data and different types of normalization. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Women aged between 18 and 45 years were selected. Anthropometric data were collected (age, height, body mass index – BMI, masticatory preference) as well as EMG signal (root mean square – RMS) data for the anterior temporal and masseter bilaterally, and for the suprahyoid muscles, during isotonic (non-habitual chewing) and isometric tasks. EMG data were processed offline using Matlab® Software. The normalization of the EMG signal was carried out using the 2nd masticatory cycle, chosen at random, of the 20 cycles collected, the maximum RMS value, and the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). To analyze the best method of data processing for the isotonic data, the coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated. Descriptive data analysis was adopted, using the mean and standard deviation. ANOVA with repeated measures was used to detect significant differences between the methods of normalization. Statistical significance was set at 5% (α<0.05). Results The final sample of this research was composed of 86 women. The volunteers presented an average age of 27.83±7.71 years and a mean BMI of 22.85±1.91 Kg/m2. Regarding masticatory preference, 73.25% reported the right side, and 26.75% the left side. Considering the comparison between the methods, the %CV measure of the 2nd cycle showed the lowest variation coefficient during biting for all the muscles from the raw data, RMS Max, and MVC (p=0.001, p=0.003, and p=0.001 respectively). Conclusion In conclusion, for non-habitual chewing activity, the results of this study recommend data processing using normalization with the second cycle during chewing.

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is recognized for its high prevalence, presenting characteristic signs and symptoms. Cervical spine pain is present in 70% of diagnosed TMD cases. Aim To verify if women with TMD present changes in isometric muscle strength in the scapula elevation. Methods This is an observational, cross-sectional study. Thirty-five women, aged 22.89±2.04 years, were divided into the TMD group (TMDG), diagnosed with TMD according to the DC/TMD, and control group (CG), with asymptomatic individuals. The volunteers accessed a online link by the smartphone in order to answer questions on personal data, the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Masticatory preference. In all participants, evaluation of the force of the scapula elevation muscles was performed, using a load cell model MM-100 (Kratos® SP, Brazil). Data were analyzed descriptively using the maximum, mean, and standard deviation and a two-way ANCOVA test was applied for all variables. A significance level of 5% was considered. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the TMDG and CG for the maximal and mean muscle strength of scapular elevation. There were statistically significant differences in FAI (p <0.001*) between the CG and the TMDG. Conclusion Based on the results, it was not possible to confirm the hypothesis that women diagnosed with TMD present lower isometric strength during scapular elevation (right/left).

Osseous graft for sinus floor elevation has been used for a long time with good results. The aim of this research was to evaluate the operatory and post operatory characteristic of 91 consecutively surgeries for sinus floor elevation. We selected medical records of 72 patient between 18 and 66 years of age for the treatment with local or general anesthesia. Data analysis was realized with a Fisher test with p<0,05 for statistical significance. In the 74.7% autogenous bone with or without biomaterial was used; in 86,8% intraoral donor site was used. We installed 101 implants with 69.3% installed in the second surgical time and the other 31 implant installed in the same surgical time with the bone graft; we did not observe any statistical relation in the survival of implants installed in surgical times one or two (p>0,05). We observed the loss of 4 implants without relation with the material used for sinus lift (p>0,05). The more common complication was membrane laceration in 18.7%, and in 13 of 17 cases with this situation the same surgery was performed at a later time. Finally, it can be concluded that the sinus lift is a recognized and safe procedure showing implant stability for adequate osseointegration.

Los injertos óseos para elevación del piso sinusal han sido utilizados por largo tiempo con buenas tazas de éxito. EL objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar el comportamiento intraoperatorio y postoperatorio de 91 cirugías consecutivas de elevación de seno maxilar. Fueron seleccionados 72 pacientes de entre 18 y 66 años para realizar el procedimiento con anestesia local o general; se estudiaron variables preoperatorias, intraoperatorias, postoperatorias, instalación de implante y complicaciones de la cirugía. El análisis de datos se realizó con la prueba test de Fisher con p<0,05 para establecer significancia estadística. En el 74,7% se utilizó hueso autólogo con o sin ayuda de biomaterial, siendo que en 86,8% se utilizó un sitio donante intrabucal. Se instalaron 101 implantes siendo un 69,3% instalado en un segundo procedimiento quirúrgico y los restantes 31 implantes instalados en el mismo tiempo quirúrgico de instalación de injerto óseo; no se observó diferencia estadística entre el éxito de los implantes instalados en uno o dos tiempos quirúrgicos (p>0,05); se observo la pérdida de 4 implantes, los cuales no fueron asociados a ningún tipo de material utilizado para el relleno óseo (p>0,05). La principal complicación fue la laceración de membrana, presente en el 18,7%, postergándose el procedimiento para ser realizado nuevamente en 13 de los 17 casos. Finalmente se puede concluir que la elevación de seno es un procedimiento reconocido y que es viable de presentar y asegurar estabilidad de los implantes instalados para el desarrollo de la oseintegración.

The aim of this research was to describe the influence of diameter and length of dental implant related to late implant faliure. In a retrospective study was evaluated 375 patients in a 11 year period; were inclued the complet medical record with image study in the preoperative period, posteriorly to implant installation and to prosthesis installation. The implant was classified according to diameter in narrow, regular and wide, and according to length as short, regular and long. The statistical analysis was realized with Chi-Squaare test with p value <0.05. We studied 939 implants and observed 55 implant failure posteriorly to prosthesis phases (5.8%). No statistical relation with diameter (p=0.475) or lenght (p=0.064) was observed. We conclude that the length and diameter of dental implant is not an influence for late failure of the implant.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la influencia del diámetro y largo de los implantes en la pérdida tardía del implante. Se diseñó un estudio retrospectivo para estudiar 375 pacientes que habían sido sometidos a rehabilitación oral sobre implantes durante un periodo de 11 años; se incluyeron en el estudio todos aquellos documentos debidamente completados y con estudios radiográficos preoperatorios, posterior a la instalación del implante y posterior a la instalación de la prótesis. Los implantes fueron clasificados de acuerdo al diámetro como estrecho, regular y ancho y de acuerdo al largo como corto, medio y largo; el análisis de datos fue realizado con la prueba Chi Cuadrado con valor de p<0,05. Del total de 939 implantes y se identificó la pérdida de 55 implantes posterior a la etapa protésica (5,8%). En base a la pérdida, no se logró establecer ninguna relación estadísticamente significativa con el diámetro del dispositivo (p=0,475) y tampoco con el largo del implante (p=0,064). Podemos concluir que el largo y el diámetro de implantes dentales no influyen en la pérdida tardía del mismo.

Sinus lift has been widely studied and is highly successful. The aim of this research was to establish the prevalence of intrasinusal septum in consecutive surgeries for maxillary sinus floor elevation and identify the relation with sinus membrane rupture. Ninety one surgeries were realized in patients with an indication for dental implant installation in the posterior maxilla; the patient with complete clinical and medical record (card, radiography, etc.) and without contraindications for the procedure was included in the study; the surgery was realized with local or general anesthesia and the material used for inlay graft was autogenous bone or biometarials. The septum was identified by panoramic image in the preoperatory and clinically at the time of surgery; any complication was studied and related to intrasinusal septum; the statistical study was carried out with Fisher test with p value <0.05. Surgery was performed on 72 subjects (53 female and 19 male) with a mean age of 44.5 years of age; in 74.7% of patients no complications were observed, while 18.7% presented sinusal membrane rupture. The septum was observed in 18.7% (16 maxillary sinus), showing 12 septum in anterior position and 4 in posterior position; the presence of septum was positively related to membrane rupture (p<0.05). Finally, we can state that the intrasinusal septum was observed in 17% and was related to intraoperatory complications as membrane rupture.

La elevación de piso sinusal maxilar ha sido ampliamente discutida y presenta altas tasas de éxito. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la prevalencia de septum intrasinusal presente en cirugías consecutivas de elevación de piso sinusal y establecer su relación con las perforaciones de membrana sinusal. Noventa y un cirugías fueron realizadas en pacientes que presentaban indicación para instalar implantes dentales en maxila posterior; fueron incluidos aquellos pacientes que presentaron documentos clínicos íntegros (ficha clínica, radiografías, entre otros) y que no presentasen contraindicación del procedimiento; las cirugías fueron realizadas con anestesia local o general y fueron rellenados con biomateriales o hueso autógeno. El septum fue identificado mediante la imagen panorámica preoperatoria y de forma clínica intraoperatoria, mientras que cualquier complicación fue estudiada y relacionada con la presencia de septum; el estudio estadístico se realizó a través de la prueba test de Fisher siendo reconocido el valor de p<0.05. Fueron operados 72 sujetos (53 mujeres y 19 hombres) con una edad promedio de 44,5 años; en el 74,7% no se observó ningún tipo de complicación, mientras que en el 18,7% de los casos se observó perforación de la membrana sinusal. Septum sinusal fue observado en el 17,6% de los casos operados (16 senos maxilares), presentando 12 septum en posición anterior y 4 en posición posterior. La presencia de septum tuvo relación estadísticamente significativa con la laceración de membrana sinusal (p<0,05). Finalmente, podemos señalar que la presencia de septum intrasinusal se observó en 17% de los casos y se relaciona directamente con complicaciones intraoperatorias como la perforación de membrana.

Individual facial features are to be associated with genetic and environmental influences, it is possible to identify clear differences between the facial patterns of men and women, where dentofacial deformities (FDA) will influence the surgical indications, surgical techniques and the final aesthetic results. We performed a cohort study with patients who consulted for orthognathic surgery between 2002 and 2008 in the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the FOP-UNICAMP. Examined panoramic radiographs used in surgical planning by linking the gender of the patient with mandibular morphometric characteristics specifically associated with the surgical techniques used in the correction of DDF, evaluations were conducted with descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test with statistical significance when p <0.05. Forty-six patients were studied, 26 patients being female and 20 male patients. It was not possible to identify statistical differences in the mandibular morphometry in both groups. In the descriptive analysis, the proportional differences between the groups were minimal. Finally, we note that there is no difference in Brazilian patients were male and female when compared Mandibular morphometric proportions.

Las características faciales son individuales siendo asociadas a influencias genéticas y ambientales; es posible identificar claras diferencias entre los padrones faciales de hombres y mujeres, donde las deformidades dentofaciales (DDF) van a influenciar en las indicaciones quirúrgicas, técnicas quirúrgicas y en los resultados estéticos finales. Se realizo un estudio de cohorte con pacientes que consultaron por cirugía ortognática entre los años 2002 y 2008 en la División de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial de la FOP-UNICAMP. Se estudio las radiografías panorámicas utilizadas en la planificación quirúrgica relacionando el género del paciente con las características morfométricas mandibulares específicamente asociadas a las técnicas quirúrgicas empleadas en la corrección de DDF; fueron realizadas evaluaciones descriptivas y estadísticas con la prueba Chi-Cuadrado con significancia estadística cuando p<0,05. Cuarenta y seis pacientes fueron estudiados, siendo 26 pacientes del sexo femenino y 20 pacientes del sexo masculino. No fue posible identificar diferencias estadísticas en la morfometría mandibular en los dos grupos estudiados. En el análisis descriptivo las diferencias proporcionales entre los grupos fueron mínimas. Finalmente, podemos señalar que no existen diferencias en pacientes brasileños del sexo masculino y femenino cuando son comparadas proporciones morfométricas mandibulares.

Dentofacial deformities (FDA) facial alterations are well known. These disorders can present clinically with subsequent anterior, vertical, horizontal alterations that can be isolated or combining some of them. The surgical approach of these alterations has been extensive study in the last 50 years, where the bone morphometric characteristics have a crucial role. It was developed in a cohort study of patients who consulted for orthognathic surgery between 2002 and 2008 in the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the FOP-UNICAMP. Panoramic radiographs were studied by setting the variables as class analysis of facial, mandibular ramus, mandibular body, and inferior alveolar foramen mental foramen, establishing statistical relationships and proportions with Chi-square test with statistical significance when p <0.05. Forty-six patients completed the inclusion criteria. Of these, 18 were class II and 28 were Class III, in general, there was no statistical difference between the analyzed variables. However, differences in the proportions studied, where the position of the inferior alveolar foramen varies between facial classes. We conclude that in this group of 46 patients there were no differences in the mandibular morphometry when compared patients with Class II facial type and type III.

Las deformidades dentofaciales (DDF) son alteraciones faciales bien conocidas. Estas se pueden presentar clínicamente con alteraciones antero posteriores, verticales, transversales de forma aislada o conjugando algunas de ellas. El abordaje quirúrgico de estas alteraciones ha tenido amplio estudio en los últimos 50 años, donde las características óseas morfométricas tienen un papel fundamental. Fue elaborado un estudio de cohorte en pacientes que consultaron por cirugía ortognática entre los años 2002 y 2008 en la División de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial de la FOP-UNICAMP. Fueron estudiadas las radiografías panorámicas realizando el análisis de variables como clase facial, ramo mandibular, cuerpo mandibular, foramen alveolar inferior y foramen mentoniano; estableciendo proporciones y relaciones estadísticas con la prueba Chi-Cuadrado con significancia estadística cuando p<0,05. Cuarenta y seis pacientes completaron los criterios de inclusión. De ellos, 18 fueron clase II y 28 fueron clase III; de una forma general, no existió diferencias estadísticas entre las variables analizadas. Sin embargo, hubo diferencias en las proporciones estudiadas, donde la posición del foramen alveolar inferior presentó variaciones entre las clases faciales. Podemos concluir que en este grupo de 46 pacientes no existen diferencias en la morfometría mandibular cuando son comparados pacientes con clase facial tipo II y tipo III.